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C1 Esterase Inhibitor, Functional		Test Code: CEIQ
CPT:	83520
Methodology:	Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 1 time per week
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) CollectionFasting patient preferred.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Transport to the laboratory immediately. •Centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and freeze. Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
•Normal................... > 67% •Abnormal............... < 41%
Clinical Utility:
Useful for diagnosing hereditary angioedema (HAE) and for monitoring response to therapy.

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C Telopeptide (CTX)		Test Code: QCTX
CPT:	82523
Methodology:	Immunoassay
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Red top no serum separator
Collection:	• A minimum of 12 hours fasting required. • Collect the specimen in the morning (8-10 AM) • NON FASTING samples are unacceptable
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Centrifuge specimen, transfer serum to plastic aliquot tube and freeze as soon as possible. • Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
Age dependent reference ranges accompany report.
Clinical Utility:
CTX is useful to assess bone resorption in patients with metabolic bone disease. This test is also useful in monitoring therapy to slow or halt osteoporotic bone loss.

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C1 Esterase Inhibitor, Nonfunctional		Test Code: CEI
CPT:	83520
Methodology:	Nephelometry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Red top ONLY, NO serum separator
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Transport to the laboratory immediately. •Must be processed within 4 hours of collection. •Centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and freeze. Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
19-37 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Useful for diagnosing hereditary angiodema and for monitoring resoponse to therapy.

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C1q Complement, Quantitative
See Complement, C1q

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C2 Complement
See Complement, C2, Antigenic

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C3
See Complement, C3

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C3 Complement
See Complement, C3

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C4 Complement
See Complement, C4

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C5 Complement, Antigenic
See Complement, C5

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Ca
See Calcium, Serum

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CA 19-9 Antigen
See Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9

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CA-125 Antigen
See CA-125

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CA 15-3		Test Code: C153
CPT:	86300
Methodology:	Chemiluminescent Immunoassay
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 1 time per week
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (Serum Separator)
Reference Range:
<38 units/mL
Clinical Utility:
Elevated serum CA 15-3 concentrations are found in 5% of stage I, 29% of stage II, 32% of stage III and 95% of stage IV carcinoma of the breast. Most (96%) patients with a CA 15-3 increase of greater than 25% have disease progression. Most (nearly 100%) patients with a CA 15-3 decrease of greater than 50% are responding to treatment.

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CA-27.29		Test Code: C2729
CPT:	86300
Alternate Name:	• BCAA • Breast Cancer Antigen
Methodology:	Chemiluminescence
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator)
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and freeze. Once frozen transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
< 38 u/mL
Clinical Utility:
CA27.29 is a tumor marker useful in the management of patients with metastatic carcinoma of the breast. It is used to monitor the course of breast cancer, patient response to treatment, and disease recurrence. Elevated serum CA27.29 concentrations are found in 5% of stage I, 29% of stage II, 32% of stage III and 95% if stage IV carcinoma of the breast. Most (96%) patients with a CA27.29 increase of greater than 25% have disease progression. Most (nearly 100%) patients with a CA27.29 decrease of greater than 50% are responding to treatment.

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CA-125		Test Code: C125
CPT:	86304
Alternate Name:	• Cancer Antigen 125 • Ovarian Tumor Marker • CA-125 Antigen
Methodology:	Chemiluminescent Immunoassay
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2 times per week
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator)
Reference Range:
Normal ................................... < 21 units/mL •Equivocal/indeterminate.........21-34 units/mL •Elevated ................................ > 34 units/mL
Clinical Utility:
Monitor the course of ovarian cancer, patient response to treatment, and disease recurrence. Serum CA 125 concentrations are elevated in about 80% of women with carcinoma of the ovary, 26% of women with benign ovarian tumors and 66% of women with non-neoplastic conditions, but in only 3% of normal healthy women. CA 125 should not be used alone to diagnose or screen for cancer, but it is useful for monitoring patients with an established diagnosis of a gynecological malignancy that is associated with elevated CA 125 at diagnosis.

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Ca, Ionized
See Calcium, Ionized, Whole Blood

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Ca, Urine
See Calcium, Urine

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Cadmium, Blood		Test Code: CADN
Methodology:	Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2 times per week
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	5 mL EDTA whole blood
Container:	Royal Blue top trace metal tube, lavender label
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Store as whole blood in original tube. •DO NOT centrifuge, aliquot or freeze. •Refrigerate only.
Reference Range:
< 5.0 ng/mL
Clinical Utility:
Useful for detecting exposure to cadmium, a toxic heavy metal.

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Cadmium, Occupational Exposure, Random Urine		Test Code: UCAD
CPT:	82300
Methodology:	Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday-Friday only
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	10 mL random urine
Container:	Plastic urine container, no metal cap or glued insert
Reference Range:
Cadmium/Creatinine ratio: < 3.0 mcg/g Interpretation: • Cadmium excretion >3.0 mcg/Cd/g creatinine indicates significant exposure to cadmium. • Results > 15 mcg/Cd/g creatinine are considered indicative of severe exposure.
Clinical Utility:
Useful for monitoring occupational exposure to cadmium

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Caffeine		Test Code: CAFE
CPT:	83520
Methodology:	Immunoassay (IA)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	• Pediatrics .......................0.2 mL serum • Adults .............................1 mL serum
Container:	Red top tube, no serum separator
Reference Range:
None present NOTE Caffeine is found in numerous beverages (cocoa, coffee, cola, tea) and prescription and nonprescription medications. The therapeutic range in the treatment of neonatal apnea is 8-20 .µg/mL.
Critical Values:
Toxic •Neonates ....................... > 30 µg/mL •Adults .......................... > 20 µg/mL
Clinical Utility:
Useful for monitoring therapy in the treatment of neonatal apnea and assessing toxicity.

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Calan®
See Verapamil

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Calcidiol
See Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy

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Calcitonin		Test Code: CLCT
CPT:	82308
Methodology:	Automated Immunochemiluminometric Assay (ICMA)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator)
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and freeze.Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
Basal •Males .............................. < 16 pg/mL •Females .......................... < 8 pg/mL Peak Calcium Infusion • Males:............................. < 130 pg/mL •Females ........................... < 90 pg/mL
Clinical Utility:
Useful for the diagnosis and follow up to medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Occasionally useful in the diagnosis and follow up of islet cell tumors

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Calcium - Creatinine Clearance Ratio		Test Code: CACRR
Includes:	•Calcium, Serum •Calcium, Urine •Total Calcium Excretion •Clearances Ratio •Creatinine, Serum •Creatinine, Urine •Total Creatinine Excretion
CPT:	82310, 82575, 82340
Methodology:	See individual test listings
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	Entire 24-Hour urine collection AND 1 mL serum
Container:	24-Hour plastic urine container, no preservative AND gold top (serum separator) tube
Collection:	•The serum calcium and creatinine must be collected within 36 hours from the start of the collection period. •24-Hour urine collection See special instructions for “24-Hour Urine Collection”, listed under Specimen Collection, Preparation, and Handling Section
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Transport to the laboratory immediately. •Avoid cephalosporins. Have patient drink water before the clearance begins, and continue good hydration throughout the clearance test period. •If possible, drugs should be stopped prior to testing.
Reference Range:
•Calcium, Serum ( > 16 years)........8.2-10.4 mg/dL •Calcium Excretion, Total...............100-300 mg/24 hours •Creatinine, Serum ( > 14 years).... 0.7-1.5 mg/dL •Creatinine, Urine ..........................50-200 mg/dL •Creatinine Excretion, Total ............0.8-2.8 g/24 hours •Pediatric Calcium, Serum and Creatinine, Serum ...........See individual test listing
Critical Values:
•Calcium, Serum............... < 6.5 mg/dL or > 12.0 mg/dL •Creatinine, Serum............ > 5.0 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Assist in the diagnosis of Familial Hypocalciuric (FHH) or Familial Benign Hypercalcemia (FBH) versus Hyperparathyroidism.

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Calcium, Serum		Test Code: CA
CPT:	82310
Alternate Name:	Ca; Total Calcium
Methodology:	HNL Endpoint LPP Bichromatic endpoint
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator)
Reference Range:
• < 1 month...................... 7.0-12.0 mg/dL • > 1 month.......................8.0-10.5 mg/dL • > 16 years...................... 8.2-10.4 mg/dL
Critical Values:
• < 6.5 mg/dL • > 12.0 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of disorders of the parathyroid, bones, kidneys and heart.

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Calcium Filterable
See Calcium, Ionized, Whole Blood

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Calcium Free
See Calcium, Ionized, Whole Blood

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Calcium, Ionized, Whole Blood		Test Code: ICAL
CPT:	82330
Alternate Name:	• Ca, Ionized; Calcium Filterable • Calcium Free • Calcium Unbound • Ionic Calcium • Ionized Calcium
Methodology:	Potentiometric
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	3 mL whole blood
Container:	Green top (lithium heparin)
Collection:	•Fill tube completely. •Collect anaerobically. •DO NOT uncap tube.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
If specimen cannot be analyzed within 2 hours of collection, centrifuge, transfer plasma to plastic aliquot tube and freeze. Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
Newborn Full Term • Day 1 (6-36h)........................4.2-5.48 mg/dL • Day 2 (60-84h).....................4.40-5.68 mg/dL • Day 5 (108-132h)..................4.80-5.92 mg/dL • Day 6-6 months.....................4.00-6.00 mg/dL • > 6 months ............................4.60-5.4 mg/dL
Critical Values:
• < 3.3 mg/dL • > 6.5 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Ionized calcium is the physiologically active fraction of total serum calcium. It is used for the evaluation of renal failure/transplantation and dialysis, sepsis and in cardiothoracic surgery.

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Calcium Unbound
See Calcium, Ionized, Whole Blood

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Calcium, Urine		Test Code: RUCA
CPT:	82340
Alternate Name:	Ca, Urine
Methodology:	Endpoint
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	5 mL random urine
Container:	Plastic urine container
Collection:	Random
Reference Range:
•Calcium, Random Urine varies with diet
Clinical Utility:
Use to evaluate calcium intake, absorption and renal loss; bone disease and resorption; parathyroid function and hypercalciuria.

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Calcium, Urine 24 Hour		Test Code: 24CA
Includes:	24-Hour Includes: .....• Volume Measurement .....• Collection Period .....• Creatinine Urine .....• Calcium, Urine
CPT:	82340
Alternate Name:	Ca, Urine
Methodology:	Endpoint
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	Entire 24-Hour urine collection
Container:	Entire 24-Hour plastic urine
Collection:	24 Hour urine collection See Special Instructions for “24-Hour Urine Collection”, listed under Specimen Collection, Preparation, and Handling Section NOTE: For stone evaluation, urinary calcium results are more meaningful if the patient initially is on his/her usual diet for 3 days prior to urine collection. Drugs affecting mineral metabolism include antacids, phosphates, glucocorticoids, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, anticonvulsants, and diuretics, including thiazides. Thiazides are used therapeutically to lower urine calcium excretion. If the patient is on a stone prevention regime and test is for follow-up, then medications should not be stopped for the test.
Reference Range:
• Calcium, 24-Hour Urine:...........100-300 mg/24 hours • Creatinine, 24-Hour Urine:........0.8-2.8 g/24 hours
Clinical Utility:
Use to evaluate calcium intake, absorption and renal loss; bone disease and resorption; parathyroid function and hypercalciuria.

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Canavan Disease Mutation Analysis		Test Code: CANAV
CPT:	83891, 83893 (x3), 83894, 83896 (x5), 83901
Methodology:	Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday-Friday only
Report Available:	9-12 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	20 mL whole blood
Container:	2 yellow top ACD Solution A
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Collect Monday-Friday ONLY before 1400, no holidays.Specimens must arrive in the laboratory no later than 1600. •Store as whole blood in original tube at room temperature. •DO NOT centrifuge, aliquot, refrigerate or freeze. •Must provide patient’s ethnic background, family history, and diagnosis on Requisition Form or Prescription.
Reference Range:
See report.
Clinical Utility:
Useful for confirmation of clinical diagnosis of Canavan disease. Can also be used for carrier testing for individuals who have a family history of Canavan disease and for prenatal diagnosis in at risk pregnancies.

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CANCA
See Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody Profile

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Cancer Antigen 125
See CA-125

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Cannabinoids, Blood		Test Code: BTHCP
Includes:	Identification and quantitation of delta9-THC and metabolites by GC/MS in blood
CPT:	82542
Alternate Name:	• Marijuana • THC in Blood
Methodology:	Gas Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)
Testing Schedule:	Routine
Report Available:	1-2 weeks
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL whole blood
Container:	Gray top (sodium fluoride) tube OR Lavendar (EDTA) tube.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
If for forensic purposes submit with chain of custody
Reference Range:
None detected
Clinical Utility:
Useful for the identification and quantitation of the active ingredient and two major metabolites of marijuana in blood. This test is primarily used for forensic purposes

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Cannabinoids, Qualitative, Urine		Test Code: THCB
Includes:	Screen for metabolites of marijuana
CPT:	80101
Alternate Name:	• Cannabis Marijuana • THC
Methodology:	Immunoassay (IA)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	5 mL random urine
Container:	Plastic urine container
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
If for forensic or legal purposes, submit specimen with a completed Drug Testing Request and Chain-of-Custody (HNL-53) Form or Blood Alcohol Toxicology Request/Chain-of-Custody (LAB-53) Form.
Reference Range:
Negative
Clinical Utility:
A qualitative screen useful for detection of drug abuse/use of marijuana. Confirmation of a positive screening result by GC/MS is strongly recommended.

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Cannabinoids, Urine, GCMS,		Test Code: GCUT
Includes:	Identification and quantitation of the marijuana metabolite (THC-carboxylic acid) by GCMS
CPT:	82542
Methodology:	Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS)
Testing Schedule:	3 times/week
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	5 mL random urine
Container:	Plastic urine container
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
If for forensic or legal purposes, submit specimen with a completed Drug Testing Request and Chain-of-Custody (HNL-53) Form or Blood Alcohol Toxicology Request/Chain-of-Custody (LAB-32) Form.
Reference Range:
None present
Clinical Utility:
Useful for the detection and positive identification of the major marijuana metabolite (THC-carboxylic).

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Cannabis
See Cannabinoids, Qualitative, Urine

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CAPD Fluid Culture
See Culture, CAPD Fluid

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Capillary Bleeding Time
See Bleeding Time, Template

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Carbamazepine, Free		Test Code: FRCB
CPT:	80157
Alternate Name:	Tegretol®, Free
Methodology:	Ultrafiltration, Immunoassay (IA)
Testing Schedule:	Daily
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum OR plasma ContainerRed top OR green top (lithium heparin) tube, no serum separator
Reference Range:
0.5-3.0 µg/mL
Clinical Utility:
The carbamazepine that circulates in blood is 75 % protein bound under normal circumstances. Since neurologic activity and toxicity of carbamazepine are directly related to the unbound fraction of the drug, measurement of the free or unbound drug may be necessary where altered protein binding is possible, such as in hypoalbuminemia, pregnancy, renal or hepatic failure, the elderly or use of concomitant drug therapy.

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Carbamazepine, Total		Test Code: CARB
CPT:	80156
Alternate Name:	Tegretol®
Methodology:	Immunoassay (IA)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Red top tube
Reference Range:
Therapeutic....................... 4-12 .µg/mL
Critical Values:
> 15 µg/mL

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Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9		Test Code: C199
CPT:	86301
Alternate Name:	CA 19-9 Antigen
Methodology:	Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay (CMIS)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 3 times per week
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator)
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Refrigerate. Serum markers are not specific for malignancy, and values may vary by method.
Reference Range:
0-37 U/mL
Clinical Utility:
Useful adunct for diagnosis and monitoring of pancreatic cancer

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Carbon Dioxide, Total		Test Code: CO2
CPT:	82374
Alternate Name:	CO2, Total CO2
Methodology:	HNL Endpoint LPP Bichromatic endpoint
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator)
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
DO NOT uncap tube.
Reference Range:
22-33 mEq/L
Critical Values:
• < 15 mEq/L • > 40 mEq/L
Clinical Utility:
Used to evaluate electrolyte and acid/base balance.

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Carbon Monoxide
See Carboxyhemoglobin

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Carboxyhemoglobin		Test Code: CBXY
Includes:	Carbon Monoxide
Alternate Name:	82375 Alternate NameCarbon Monoxide
Methodology:	Photometry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	Arterial or Venous •Adults 3 mL whole blood in lithium heparinized syringe OR 1 mL whole blood in green top (lithium heparin) tube •Pediatrics 100 µL whole blood in lithium heparinized capillary tube
Container:	Lithium heparin syringe OR green top (lithium heparin) tube or capillary tube
Collection:	•Fill tube completely. •Collect anaerobically. •DO NOT uncap tube. • Transport to laboratory immediately
Reference Range:
•Non smoker....................0.5 - 1.5% •Smoker 1-2 packs/d...........4-5% >2 packs/d............8-9%
Critical Values:
>20.0%
Clinical Utility:
A measure of hemoglobin bound carbon monoxide, used in the evaluation of carbon monoxide toxicity.

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Carcinoembryonic Antigen		Test Code: CEA
CPT:	82378
Alternate Name:	CEA
Methodology:	Chemiluminescent Immunoassay
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 3 times per week
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Reference Range:
•Males..................<7.0 ng/mL •Females..............<6.0 ng/mL
Clinical Utility:
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monitors the course of adenocarcinoma of the lung, patient response to treatment, and disease recurrence. CEA has broad tumor specificity; CEA elevation is seen in cancers of the colon, rectum, stomach, breast, lung, pancreas, etc.

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Cardio CRP
See C-Reactive Protein, High Sensitivity

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Cardiolipin Antibodies
See Cardiolipin Autoantibody

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Cardiolipin Autoantibody Profile		Test Code: ACRD
Includes:	IgG, IgA and IgM Autoantibodies
CPT:	86147 (x3)
Alternate Name:	ACA; ACAB; ACL; Anti- Cardiolipin G/A/M; Cardiolipin Antibodies; Cardiolipin G and M
Methodology:	Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent A ssay (ELISA)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 1 time per week
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Reference Range:
•Cardiolipin IgG................<15 GPL U/mL •Cardiolipin IgA...............<12 APL U/mL •Cardiolipin IgM..............<12.5 MPL U/mL
Clinical Utility:
Elevated levels are seen either transiently in some infectious diseases or more presistently in autoimmune diseases such as SLE and APS. Anticardiolipin antibodies have also been associated with fetal loss, endocarditis, cardiovascular disease and hemolytic anemia.

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Cardioquin®
See Quinidine

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Carisoprodol and Metabolite		Test Code: CARIS
Includes:	•Carisoprodol •Meprobamate
CPT:	82492
Alternate Name:	Soma®
Methodology:	Gas Chromatography
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2 times per week; STAT testing available
Report Available:	1-3 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Red top tube, no serum separator
Reference Range:
Carisoprodol •Therapeutic...................10-40 µg/mL •Toxic.............................30-50 µg/mL Meprobamate •Therapeutic....................2-26 µg/mL •Toxic.............................>60 µg/mL
Clinical Utility:
Useful for the detection and quantitation of carisoprodol and its metabolite meprobamte to assess toxicity.

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Carnitine Profile		Test Code: CARN
Includes:	•Acylcarnitine •AC/FC •Total carnitine •Free carnitine
CPT:	82379
Methodology:	Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday-Friday only
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Red top tube, no serum separator
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and freeze. Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
See report.

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Carotene		Test Code: CARO
CPT:	82380
Alternate Name:	Betacarotene
Methodology:	Colorimetry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Mon-Fri only
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	5 mL serum
Container:	Red top tube, no serum separator
Collection:	•Overnight fast required (12-14 hours). •No alcohol or vitamin supplements for 24 hours prior to collection.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and freeze.Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice. • Protect from light by wrapping the entire tube with aluminum foil.
Reference Range:
48-200 µg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Useful for the detection of nutritional deficiency as in anorexia nervosa or of excess ingestion of carotene.

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Cat Scratch Disease Antibody Profile
See Bartonella Antibody Profile

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Catapres®
See Clonidine

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Catecholamines, Fractionated, 24-Hour Urine		Test Code: UCAT
Includes:	•Uncongugated epinephrine •Norepinephrine •Dopamine
CPT:	81050, 82384
Methodology:	High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday-Friday only
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	25 mL aliquot of a well mixed 24-Hour urine collection
Container:	• 24-Hour plastic urine container • Add 25 mL of 50% acetic acid at start of collection.
Collection:	1. The assay is of greatest value when the specimen is collected during a hypertensive episode. 2. Discontinue any epinephrine, norepinephrine, or dopamine injections/transfusions at least 12 hours before specimen collection, unless drug monitoring is the goal. 3. Discontinue drugs that release or hinder metabolism of epinephrine, norepinephrine, or dopamine for at least 1 week before obtaining the specimen. If this is not possible for medical reasons, a shorter drug-withdrawal period may be acceptable.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
• Instruct patient not to void directly into container. • Transport to the laboratory promptly. • Refrigerate
Reference Range:
See report
Clinical Utility:
Useful for use as a auxiliary test to fractionated plasma and urine metanephrine measurements in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and paragangliona.

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Catecholamines, Plasma		Test Code: PCAT
Includes:	•Norepinephrine •Epinephrine •Dopamine •Total Catecholamines
CPT:	82384
Methodology:	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday-Friday only
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	4 mL heparinized plasma
Container:	2 pre-chilled green top (sodium heparin) tubes
Collection:	•If possible, patients should discontinue all drugs at least 1 week prior to collection. Medications known to interfere with the assay include Alpha-methyldopa (Aldomet), Isoproterenol, Labetalol, Mandelamine, Metochopramide, Acetaminophen (high concentrations only), Cimetidine, and Catecholamine-containing drugs, MAO inhibitors, diuretics and vasodilators. •The patient must stop smoking and drinking coffee or tea for a minimum of four hours before sample is drawn. •Reassure the patient as he/she rests in a supine position for 30 minutes in a quiet room. It is important that the patient is as calm as possible. •At the end of 30 minutes, draw 10 mL of blood into each of 2 pre-chilled vials containing heparin (green top).
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Separate plasma within 30 minutes after phlebotomy. Transfer plasma into plastic vials and freeze immediately. •Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
Accompanies Report
Clinical Utility:
Diagnose and treat hypertensive patients or patients suspected of having neural crest tumors of the adrenal medulla and extra adrenomedullary tissues (pheochromocytoma, neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma); evaluate patients with orthostatic hypotension. Slight elevations of plasma catecholamines (less than 3-fold) are consistent with essential hypertension, intense physical activity, emotional and physical stress, drug interferences and improper specimen collection. Significantly elevated concentrations (greater than 3-fold), either persistent or paroxysmal, are suggestive of pheochromocytoma.

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Cathartic Laxative Quantitation, Urine
See Laxative Screen, Urine

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Catheter Tip Culture
See Culture, Catheter Tip

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CBC + Diff
See CBC with Automated Differential

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CBC + Manual Diff
See CBC with Manual Differential

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CBC, No Differential		Test Code: CBC
Includes:	•Hemoglobin (Hgb) •Hematocrit (Hct) •Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) •Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) •Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) •Platelet count (PTL) •Red Blood Cell Count (RBC) •Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) •White Blood Cell Count (WBC)
CPT:	85027
Alternate Name:	CBC; Complete Blood Count
Methodology:	Automated Analyzer
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1.5 mL whole blood OR 300-500 µL in BD Microtainer™ tube
Container:	Lavender top (EDTA) tube OR lavender top BD Microtainer™ tube for capillary collection
Reference Range:
See the following tables. AGE Hemoglobin (g/dL) Hematocrit (%) White Cell X109/L Red Cell X109/L Platelet X109/L 0-3 days 15.6-20.2 46-60 9.0-30.0 4.80-6.10 100-350 4-7 days 16.4-18.0 49-54 5.0-21.0 4.80-6.10 100-400 8-28 days 15.0-17.1 45-51 5.0-20.0 4.3-5.50 100-400 > 1 month 13.0-15.0 39-45 5.0-19.5 3.70-4.90 150-400 > 2 months 10.0-12.4 30-37 5.0-19.5 3.10-4.30 150-400 > 3 months 9.9-14.5 29-43 5.0-19.5 3.80-5.20 150-400 > 6 months 9.5-14.1 30-40 6.0-17.5 3.9-5.30 150-400 > 1 year 8.9-13.5 30-40 6.0-17.5 3.80-5.20 150-400 > 2 years 9.2-13.8 30-40 6.0-17.0 3.80-5.20 150-400 > 3 years 10.2-14.8 29-43 6.0-17.0 3.80-5.20 150-400 > 4 years 10.3-14.9 32-42 5.5-15.5 4.00-5.20 150-400 > 5 years 10.3-14.9 32-42 5.5-15.5 4.00-5.20 150-400 > 6 years 10.6-15.2 32-42 5.0-14.5 4.10-5.3 150-400 > 8 years 10.6-15.2 32-42 4.5-13.5 4.10-5.3 150-400 > 11 years 11.1-15.7 34-44 4.5-13.5 4.20-.5.40 150-400 > 15 yrs.- female 12.0-16.0 36-47 4.5-13.0 4.20-.5.40 150-400 > 15 yrs.-male 13.5-18.0 40-54 4.5-13.0 4.60-6.20 150-400 > 21 yrs.-female 12.0-16.0 36-47 4.5-11.0 4.2-5.40 150-400 > 21 yrs.-male 13.5-18.0 40-54 4.5-11.0 4.6-6.20 150-400 AGE MCV (fL) MCH (pg) MCHC (g/dL) RDW% 0-3 days 95-121 31-37 29-37 11.5-14.5 4-7 days 88-126 28-40 28-38 11.5-14.5 8-28 days 86-124 28-40 28-38 11.5-14.5 > 1 month 85-123 28-40 29-37 11.5-14.5 > 2 months 77-115 26-34 27-27 11.5-14.5 > 3 months 74-108 25-35 30-36 11.5-14.5 > 6 months 72-106 24-34 30-36 11.5-14.5 > 1 year 70-86 23-31 30-36 11.5-14.5 > 2 years 70-86 23-31 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 3 years 75-87 24-30 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 4 years 75-87 24-30 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 5 years 75-87 24-30 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 6 years 77-95 25-33 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 8 years 77-95 25-33 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 11 years 77-95 25-33 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 15 yrs.-female 78-102 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 15 yrs.-male 78-98 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 19 yrs.-female 78-102 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 19 yrs.-male 78-98 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 21 yrs.-female 80-100 26-34 31-37 11.5-14.5 > 21 yrs.-male 80-100 26-34 31-37 11.5-14.5 NOTE: RDW for testing done at Laurelwood: Female............................12.1 - 16.3% Male:..............................12.1 - 16.1%
Critical Values:
Hemoglobin •<=3 days.......................<12.0 g/dL or >22.0 g/dL •<=60 days.....................<9.0 g/dL or >20.0 g/dL •>60 days.......................<8.0 g/dL or >20.0 g/dL Hematocrit •<=3 days......................<36% or >66% •<=60 days....................<27% or >55% •>60 days......................<25% or >55% Platelets ......................<50 x 109/L or >750 x 109/L White blood count......>20.0 x 109/L
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of infection, anemia and other hematological disorders.

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CBC with Automated Differential		Test Code: CBCD
CPT:	85025, 85060
Alternate Name:	CBC + Diff; Complete Blood Count with Automated Differential; Hemogram
Methodology:	Automated Analyzer
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1.5 mL whole blood OR 300-500 µL in BD Microtainer™ tube
Container:	Lavender top (EDTA) tube OR lavender top BD Microtainer™ tube for capillary collection
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
• If deemed necessary by set laboratory criteria, a manual differential may be performed, and/or hematopathologist review may be performed.
Reference Range:
See the following tables. AGE Hemoglobin (g/dL) Hematocrit (%) White Cell X109/L Red Cell X109/L Platelet X109/L 0-3 days 15.6-20.2 46-60 9.0-30.0 4.80-6.10 100-350 4-7 days 16.4-18.0 49-54 5.0-21.0 4.80-6.10 100-400 8-28 days 15.0-17.1 45-51 5.0-20.0 4.3-5.50 100-400 > 1 month 13.0-15.0 39-45 5.0-19.5 3.70-4.90 150-400 >2 months 10.0-12.4 30-37 5.0-19.5 3.10-4.30 150-400 >3 months 9.9-14.5 29-43 5.0-19.5 3.80-5.20 150-400 >6 months 9.5-14.1 30-40 6.0-17.5 3.9-5.30 150-400 >1 year 8.9-13.5 30-40 6.0-17.5 3.8-5.20 150-400 >2 years 9.2-13.8 30-40 6.0-17.0 3.80-5.20 150-400 >3 years 10.2-14.8 29-43 06.0-17.0 3.80-5.20 150-400 >4 years 10.3-14.9 32-42 5.5-15.5 4.00-5.20 150-400 >5 years 10.3-14.9 32-42 5.5-15.5 4.00-5.20 150-400 >6 years 10.6-15.2 32-42 5.0-14.5 4.10-5.3 150-400 >8 years 10.6-15.2 32-42 4.5-13.5 4.10-5.3 150-400 >11 years 11.1-15.7 34-44 4.5-13.5 4.20-.5.40 150-400 >15 yrs.-female 12.0-16.0 36-47 4.5-13.0 4.20-.5.40 150-400 >15 yrs.-male 13.5-18.0 40-54 4.5-13.0 4.60-6.20 150-400 >21 yrs.-female 12.0-16.0 36-47 4.5-11.0 4.2-5.40 150-400 >21 yrs.-male 13.5-18.0 40-54 4.5-11.0 4.6-6.20 150-400 AGE MCV (fL) MCH (pg) MCHC (g/dL) RDW% 0-3 days 95-121 31-37 29-37 11.5-14.5 4-7 days 88-126 28-40 28-38 11.5-14.5 8-28 days 86-124 28-40 28-38 11.5-14.5 > 1 month 85-123 28-40 29-37 11.5-14.5 >2 months 77-115 26-34 29-37 11.5-14.5 >3 months 74-108 25-35 30-36 11.5-14.5 >6 months 72-106 24-34 30-36 11.5-14.5 >1 year 70-86 23-31 30-36 11.5-14.5 >2 years 70-86 23-31 31-37 11.5-14.5 >3 years 75-87 24-30 31-37 11.5-14.5 >4 years 75-87 24-30 31-37 11.5-14.5 >5 years 75-87 24-30 31-37 11.5-14.5 >6 years 77-95 25-33 31-37 11.5-14.5 >8 years 77-95 25-33 31-37 11.5-14.5 >11 years 77-95 25-33 31-37 11.5-14.5 >15 yrs.-female 78-102 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 >15 yrs.-male 78-98 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 >19 yrs.-female 78-102 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 >19 yrs.-male 78-98 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 >21 yrs.-female 80-100 26-34 31-37 11.5-14.5 >21 yrs.-male 80-100 26-34 31-37 11.5-14.5 NOTE: RDW for testing done at Laurelwood. Female:.........................12.1 - 16.3% Male:.............................12.1 - 16.1%
Critical Values:
See individual test listings for CBC components. Differential: • Elevated band counts ............> 25% • Presence of > 3.0 immature (blast) cells (1st time only) Hematopathologist review to follow. • Microorganisms (Intracellular or Extracellular) present on peripheral blood smear.
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of infection, anemia and other hematological disorders.

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CBC with Manual Differential		Test Code: CBCMD
CPT:	85027, 85007, 85060
Alternate Name:	CBC + Manual Diff; Complete Blood Count with Manual Differential
Methodology:	Automated Analyzer and Manual
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
If deemed necessary by set laboratory criteria, a manual differential may be performed. If deemed necessary by set laboratory criteria, a hematopathologist review may be performed.
Reference Range:
See the following tables. AGE Hemoglobin (g/dL) Hematocrit (%) White Cell X109/L Red Cell X109/L Platelet X109/L 0-3 days 15.6-20.2 46-60 9.0-30.0 4.80-6.10 100-350 4-7 days 16.4-18.0 49-54 5.0-21.0 4.80-6.10 100-400 8-28 days 15.0-17.1 45-51 5.0-20.0 4.3-5.50 100-400 > 1 month 13.0-15.0 39-45 5.0-19.5 3.70-4.90 150-400 >2 months 10.0-12.4 30-37 5.0-19.5 3.10-4.30 150-400 >3 months 9.9-14.5 29-43 5.0-19.5 3.80-5.20 150-400 >6 months 9.5-14.1 30-40 6.0-17.5 3.9-5.30 150-400 >1 year 8.9-13.5 30-40 6.0-17.5 3.8-5.20 150-400 >2 years 9.2-13.8 30-40 6.0-17.0 3.80-5.20 150-400 >3 years 10.2-14.8 29-43 6.0-17.0 3.80-5.20 150-400 >4 years 10.3-14.9 32-42 5.5-15.5 4.00-5.20 150-400 >5 years 10.3-14.9 32-42 5.5-15.5 4.00-5.20 150-400 >6 years 10.6-15.2 32-42 5.0-14.5 4.10-5.3 150-400 >8 years 10.6-15.2 32-42 4.5-13.5 4.10-5.3 150-400 >11 years 11.1-15.7 34-44 4.5-13.5 4.20-.5.40 150-400 >15 yrs.-female 12.0-16.0 36-47 4.5-13.0 4.20-.5.40 150-400 >15 yrs.-male 13.5-18.0 40-54 4.5-13.0 4.60-6.20 150-400 >21 yrs.-female 12.0-16.0 36-47 4.5-11.0 4.2-5.40 150-400 >21 yrs.-male 13.5-18.0 40-54 4.5-11.0 4.6-6.20 150-400 AGE MCV (fL) MCH (pg) MCHC (g/dL) RDW% 0-3 days 95-121 31-37 29-37 11.5-14.5 4-7 days 88-126 28-40 28-38 11.5-14.5 8-28 days 86-124 28-40 28-38 11.5-14.5 > 1 month 85-123 28-40 29-37 11.5-14.5 >2 months 77-115 26-34 29-37 11.5-14.5 >3 months 74-108 25-35 30-36 11.5-14.5 >6 months 72-106 24-34 30-36 11.5-14.5 >1 year 70-86 23-31 30-36 11.5-14.5 >2 years 70-86 23-31 31-37 11.5-14.5 >3 years 75-87 24-30 31-37 11.5-14.5 >4 years 75-87 24-30 31-37 11.5-14.5 >5 years 75-87 24-30 31-37 11.5-14.5 >6 years 77-95 25-33 31-37 11.5-14.5 >8 years 77-95 25-33 31-37 11.5-14.5 >11 years 77-95 25-33 31-37 11.5-14.5 >15 yrs.-female 78-102 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 >15 yrs.-male 78-98 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 >19 yrs.-female 78-102 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 >19 yrs.-male 78-98 25-35 31-37 11.5-14.5 >21 yrs.-female 80-100 26-34 31-37 11.5-14.5 >21 yrs.-male 80-100 26-34 31-37 11.5-14.5 NOTE: RDW for testing done at Laurelwood. Female:............................12.1 - 16.3% Male:................................12.1 - 16.1%
Critical Values:
See individual test listings for CBC component.
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of infection, anemia and other hematological disorders.

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CCP Antibodies
See Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide AutoantibodyCCP Autoantibodies
See Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide AutoantibodyCD4/CD8
See CD4/CD8 Profile

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CD4/CD8 Profile		Test Code: CD4PR
Includes:	•CD45 Total Lymph Count •Absolute T cells and % T cells (CD3) •Absolute Helper cells and % Helper cells (CD4) •Absolute Suppressor cells and % suppressor cells (CD8) • Helper/Suppressor Ratio
CPT:	86360, 86359
Alternate Name:	CD4/CD8; Helper/Suppressor Ratio
Methodology:	Flow Cytometry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily Monday- Friday
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	0.5 mL whole blood
Container:	Lavender top (EDTA) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Store as whole blood in original tube at room temperature. •DO NOT centrifuge, aliquot, refrigerate or freeze. •The Department of Health requires mandatory reporting of any abnormal CD4 result.
Reference Range:
See report
Clinical Utility:
Quantitates as a percentage and as an absolute the CD4 Helper T-lymphocyte population, the CD8 Supressor T-lymphocyte population, the CD3 total T-lymphocyte population and the total lymphocyte count

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CEA
See Carcinoembryonic Antigen

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CEA, Pancreatic Cyst Fluid		Test Code: PCFCA
CPT:	82378
Methodology:	Immunometric Assay
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily Monday- Friday ONLY
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL Pancreatic cyst fluid
Container:	Plastic tube or vial
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Can be transported refrigerated or frozen, store frozen.
Reference Range:
Interpretative report is provided with result
Clinical Utility:
When used in conjunction with imaging studies, cytology, and other pancreatic cyst fluid tumor markers: • Useful for distinguishing between benign (inflammatory cysts, pseudocysts) and malignant pancreatic cysts. • Determining the likely type of malignant pancreatic cyst.

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Celiac Disease Screen with Reflex		Test Code: CDSWR
Includes:	•Tissue Transglutaminase IgA (TTGAB) •Immunoglobulin A (IGA) Reflexed if necessary: • Anti-endomysial antibodies (AEND) •Deaminated Gliadin IgG and IgA Autoantibodies (AGLP) • Tissue Transglutaminase IgG Antibodies (TTIGG)
CPT:	83516, 82784 Reflex, when necessary 86256, 83516 (up to X3)
Alternate Name:	Celiac Disease Screen
Methodology:	See individual test listings
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2 times per week
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	4 mL serum
Container:	2 SST tubes
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
• Refrigerate, • DO NOT freeze
Reference Range:
See individual test listings
Critical Values:
Useful as a first-order test for celiac disease. Identifying individuals that should have a biopsy for celiac disease. Monitoring adherence to gluten-free diet in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis and celiac disease. Evaluating children with failure to thrive.

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Cell Bound Platelet Antibody
See Platelet Antibody, Direct

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Cell Count, Body Fluid		Test Code: FLCT
Includes:	•Color • Appearance • WBC • RBC • WBC differential if white cells present
CPT:	89051 , 88112
Alternate Name:	Body Fluid Cell Count; Fluid, Cell Count; Synovial Fluid, Cell Count
Methodology:	Manual
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL body fluid
Container:	Lavender top (EDTA) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Transport to the laboratory immediately. •Requisition must specify body fluid type.
Reference Range:
•Color.................... Pale yellow •Appearance..........Clear •WBC:..................<500/cumm NOTE Please see Synovial Fluid Analysis for synovial fluid reference ranges. •RBC:.................. <100/cumm

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Cell Count, Cerebrospinal Fluid		Test Code: CSFC
Includes:	•Appearance •Color •Supernatant color •Total volume •Total number of tubes submitted •Tube number counted •WBC •RBC •WBC differential if white cells present
CPT:	89050, 89051, 88112
Alternate Name:	Cerebrospinal Fluid Cell Count; LP; Spinal Tap
Methodology:	Manual
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL cerebrospinal fluid
Container:	Sterile conical tube
Collection:	Label tubes consecutively indicating sequence of collection.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Tests should be performed on conical tube #3, if possible. • Transport to the laboratory immediately.
Reference Range:
•Appearance:...................Clear •Color:.............................Colorless •WBC Count : • <1 year:....................0-30/cumm • 1-4 years:.................0-20/cumm • 5-16 years:.............. 0-10/cumm • >16 years:................0-5/cumm WBC Differential Age Neutrophils % Lymphocytes % Monocytes % 0-7 days 0-8 5-35 50-90 >7 days 0-6 40-80 15-45 •RBC Count: 0/cumm

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Central Venous Pressure Tip Culture
See Culture, Catheter Tip

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Centromere Autoantibody		Test Code: ACMA
Includes:	•Centromere Autoantibody •Reflexed when appropriate •Quantitative titer on positive screens
CPT:	86038, Reflexed when appropriate 86039
Alternate Name:	ACMA; Anti-Centromere Antibody
Methodology:	Indirect Fluorescent Antibody (IFA)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2 times per week
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Reference Range:
Negative <1:40
Clinical Utility:
Aid in the assessment of scleroderma. Centromere autoantibodies are found in 22% of patients with systemic sclerosis and in 12% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis
See Cerebrospinal Fluid Profile

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Cell Count
See Cell Count, Cerebrospinal Fluid

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Culture
See Culture, Cerebrospinal Fluid

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytology
See Cytopathology, Cerebrospinal Fluid

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Glucose
See Glucose, Cerebrospinal Fluid

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Cerebrospinal Fluid India Ink Preparation
See India Ink Preparation Cerebrospinal Fluid

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Cerebrospinal Fluid, Mycobacteria AFB
See Culture, Mycobacteria

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Cerebrospinal Fluid, Mycobacteria
See Culture, Mycobacteria

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Profile		Test Code: CSFA
Includes:	• Cell Count • Glucose • Protein, Total
CPT:	89050 , 89051, 82945, 84157, 88107
Alternate Name:	Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis; CSF Analysis; Fluid Analysis, Cerebrospinal Fluid; Lumbar Puncture
Methodology:	See individual test listings
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL cerebrospinal fluid in each tube
Container:	Sterile conical tubes
Collection:	Label tubes consecutively indicating sequence of collection • Tube #1 – Chemistries • Tube #2 – Microbiology (if requested) • Tube #3 - Hematology
Reference Range:
See individual test listings.
Critical Values:
See individual test listings.

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein
See Protein, Cerebrospinal Fluid Cerebrospinal Fluid VDRL
See VDRL, Cerebrospinal Fluid

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Ceruloplasmin		Test Code: CERU
CPT:	82390
Methodology:	Rate Nephelometry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 1 time per week
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Reference Range:
22-61 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Support the diagnosis of Wilson’s disease; evaluate cirrhosis, liver disease, central nervous system disease of obscure etiology, and neurological symptoms reflecting lesions of the lenticular nuclei.

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Cervical Culture
See Culture, Genital

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Cervical Trich Smear
See Trichomonas vaginalis Preparation
See Vaginitis DNA Probe

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CH50 Complement
See Complement, CH50

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Chagas Disease Antibody Profile		Test Code: CHAGP
Includes:	• Trypanosoma cruzi IgG Ab • Trypanosoma cruzi IgM Ab
CPT:	86753 (x2)
Alternate Name:	Trypanosoma cruzi Ab
Methodology:	Indirect Fluorescent Antibody (IFA)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2 times per week
Report Available:	5-10 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL serum
Container:	2 Gold top (serum separator) tubes
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
• Centrifuge specimens and transfer serum to plastic vials • Refrigerate
Reference Range:
•IgG................<1:16 •IgM...............<1:20
Clinical Utility:
To diagnose Chagas disease or to test family members of an infected person.

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Chienpox Immune Status
See Varicella-Zoster IgG Antibody, Immune Status

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Chlamydia Antibody Profile		Test Code: CHLAB
Includes:	•Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG and IgM antibodies •Chlamydia psittaci IgG and IgM antibodies •Chlamydia trachomatis IgG and IgM antibodies
CPT:	86631 (X3), 86632 (X3)
Alternate Name:	TWAR; Chlamydia Serology
Methodology:	Micro-immunofluorescent Antibody Assay (MIF)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday-Saturday only
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Refrigerate
Reference Range:
For each constituent •IgG...............<1:64 •IgM..............<1:10
Clinical Utility:
Useful as an aid in the clinical diagnosis of chlamydial infections

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Chlamydia Culture
See Culture, Chlamydia trachomatis

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Chlamydia trachomatis, Amplified DNA Probe		Test Code: CTAMP
CPT:	87491
Methodology:	GEN-PROBE® APTIMA® Amplified Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Probe
Testing Schedule:	Routine daily, Monday-Friday
Report Available:	1-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 swab from urethra OR 1 swab from endocervical canal OR 20-30 mL initial urine stream OR ThinPrep® Liquid Pap specimen. ThinPrep® Liquid Pap specimens go directly to Cytology Registration.
Container:	• APTIMA™ transport swab OR GEN-PROBE® • APTIMA™ urine collection container
Collection:	•Follow instructions on collection kit package using ONLY the enclosed swab. •Endocervical sampling for N. gonorrhoeae and/or C. trachomatis: Remove excess mucus from cervical os and surrounding mucosa using the white swab provided. Discard this swab. Insert the blue swab from collection kit 1-1.5 cm into endocervical canal. Gently rotate swab clockwise for 10-30 seconds in endocervical canal to ensure adequate sampling. Withdraw swab carefully; avoid any contact with vaginal mucosa.Remove the cap from the swab specimen transport tube and immediately place the specimen collection swab into the transport tube. Carefully break the swab shaft at the scoreline; use care to avoid splashing of contents. Re-cap the swab specimen transport tube tightly. •Urethral sampling for C. trachomatis and/or N. gonorrhoeae: Patient should not have urinated for a least 1 hour prior to sampling. Insert the blue swab 2-4 cm into urethra, Gently rotate clockwise for 2-3 seconds to ensure contact with all urethral surfaces. Withdraw swab. Remove the cap from the swab specimen transport tube and immediately place the specimen collection swab into the transport tube. Carefully break the swab shaft at the scoreline; use care to avoid splashing of contents. Recap the swab specimen transport tube tightly. •Urine: Patient should not have urinated for at least 1 hour prior to specimen collection. •Direct patient to provide first-catch urine (approximately 20 to 30 mL of initial urine stream) into a clean, dry container free of any preservative. Collection of larger volumes of urine may result in specimen dilution and may reduce test sensitivity. Female patients should not cleanse labial area prior to providing specimen. •Transport tube and transfer 2 mL of urine into specimen transport tube using disposable pipette provided. The correct volume of urine has been added when the fluid level is between black fill lines on the urine specimen transport tube label. •Tightly re-cap the urine specimen transport tube. •Urine specimens must be maintained at 2 C to 30 C in urine transport tube. •ThinPrep® Liquid Pap Specimens should be collected in the routine manner. Specimens must be run within 14 days of collection.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•DO NOT use for legal specimens, rectal,conjunctival or nasopharyngeal specimens. For these specimens, submit Chlamydia culture. •Conjunctival Specimens can also be ordered as Chlamydia trachomatis by DNA probe nonamplified (CTDNA). •Use only for urethral, endocervical and urine specimens. •Transport at room temperature or refrigerated.
Reference Range:
Negative for Chlamydia trachomatis by Amplified DNA Probe.
Clinical Utility:
Useful in assessing sexually transmitted diseases.

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Chlordiazepoxide		Test Code: CDIAZ
CPT:	80154
Alternate Name:	Librium
Methodology:	LC/MS/MS
Testing Schedule:	Once per week
Report Available:	3-5 business days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL whole blood, serum or plasma Minimum volume: 1mL
Container:	Gray top, Red top or lavendar top Special Instructions
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Refrigerate
Reference Range:
Chlordiazepoxide Therapeutic range:..................400-2000 ng/mL Nordiazepam Therapeutic range:..................100-1000 ng/mL
Clinical Utility:
Monitoring therapy or assessing toxicity

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Chloride, Serum		Test Code: CL
CPT:	82435
Alternate Name:	Cl, Blood
Methodology:	Ion Selective Electrode
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Reference Range:
96-109 mEq/L
Clinical Utility:
Used to evaluate electrolyte and acid/base balance and to evaluate symptoms of prolonged vomiting.

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Chloride, Sweat		Test Code: SWCLA
CPT:	89230, 82438 (x2)
Alternate Name:	Cystic Fibrosis Sweat Test; Iontophoresis; Sweat Chloride Analysis
Methodology:	• Pilocarpine iontophoresis • Sweat collection • Quantitative chloride determination by titration
Testing Schedule:	Routine, appointments available 2-3 days per week
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	0.075 g sweat in each flask
Container:	Pre-weighed flask AND gauze
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Testing must be scheduled through the Outpatient Diagnostics Department at Lehigh Valley Hospital at 17th and Chew Streets. Patient information brochures explaining all details of testing are available through Lehigh Valley Hospital •Transport to the laboratory immediately after obtaining. •Flasks must remain stoppered until weighed and analyzed. Handle with gloves only.
Reference Range:
•Values <40 mEq/L are inconsistent with the diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis. Retesting is suggested if results do not correlate with clinical presentation. •Values of 40-60 mEq/L are borderline and follow-up with repeat Sweat Chloride analysis and/or molecular diagnostic testing is suggested. •Values >60 mEq/L are consistent with the diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis when accompanied by a positive clinical presentation. NOTE Repeat testing may be required as appropriate. The physician will be notified if repeat testing is warranted.
Clinical Utility:
Useful in helping confirm diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis.

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Chloride, Urine		Test Code: 24CL
Includes:	•Volume Measurement •Collection Period •Creatinine, Urine •Chloride, Urine
CPT:	81050, 82436
Alternate Name:	Urine Chloride
Methodology:	Ion Selective Electrode
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	Entire 24-Hour urine collection
Container:	Entire 24-Hour plastic urine container, no preservative
Collection:	24-Hour urine collection See special instructions for “24-Hour Urine Collection”, listed under Specimen Collection, Preparation, and Handling Section
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Transport to the laboratory promptly.
Reference Range:
•Chloride, 24-Hour Urine............ 110-250 mEq/24 hours •Creatinine, 24-Hour Urine..........0.8-2.8 g/24 hours
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of electrolyte and acid/base balance.

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Chloride, Urine, Random		Test Code: RUCL
CPT:	82436
Alternate Name:	Urine Chloride
Methodology:	Ion Selective Electrode
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	0.5 mL random urine
Container:	Plastic urine container
Collection:	Random See special instructions for “24-Hour Urine Collection”, listedunder Specimen Collection, Preparation, and Handling Section
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Transport to the laboratory promptly.
Reference Range:
•Random Urine chloride is highly dependent upon diet
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of electrolyte and acid/base balance.

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Chloroacetate Esterase Stain
See Esterase Stain, Naphthol AS-D Chloroacetate

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Chlorpromazine
See Thorazine

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Cholesterol		Test Code: CHOL
CPT:	82465
Alternate Name:	Cholesterol, Total
Methodology:	Colorimetry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Collection:	Patient should fast for 12-14 hours.
Reference Range:
• < 20 years :............................<170 mg/dL • > 20 years..............................<200 mg/dL NOTE: Reference ranges reflect the NCEP Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III guidelines published in Jama May 16, 2001. . . Adults Pediatric <20 years Borderline High 200-239 mg/dL 170-199 mg/dL High >240 mg/dL >200 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Useful for the evaluation of cardiovascular risk.

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Cholesterol, Body Fluid		Test Code: FCHOL
CPT:	84999
Methodology:	Colorimetry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL body fluid
Container:	Red top tube, no serum separator
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
and/or Comments • Refrigerate • Requisition should include fluid type
Reference Range:
Not established, must be interpreted with clinical findings.

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Cholesterol, Total
See Cholesterol

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Cholinesterase, Blood
See Pseudocholinesterase, Serum

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Cholinesterase, RBC		Test Code: RCHL
CPT:	82482
Alternate Name:	Acetylcholinesterase, Erythrocytes; Red Blood Cell Cholinesterase
Methodology:	Spectrophotometric Thiocholine Production
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2 times per week
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	5 mL whole blood
Container:	Green top (sodium heparin) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Collect Monday-Friday ONLY before 1400, no holidays. Specimens must arrive in the laboratory no later than 1600. •Store as whole blood in original tube. •DO NOT centrifuge, aliquot or freeze. •Refrigerate only.
Reference Range:
26.7-49.2 U/g of hemoglobin
Clinical Utility:
Useful for detecting effects of remote (months) past exposure to organophosphatase inhibitors (insecticide poisoning)

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Cholyglycine
See Bile Acids

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Christmas Factor
See Factor Activity Assays

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Chromium, Serum		Test Code: CHRMB
CPT:	86316
Methodology:	Dynamic Reaction Cell-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectometry (DRC-ICP-MS)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2 times per week
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL serum
Container:	Royal Blue top trace metal tube, red label
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Centrifuge, pour serum into metal free, acid washed vial and refrigerate. •DO NOT insert pipettes or wooden sticks into the specimen or contamination may occur. •Only “Mayo Metal Free” aliquot vials may be submitted. • Refrigerate
Reference Range:
<0.3 µg/L
Clinical Utility:
Useful for monitoring nutritional supplementation levels.

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Chromogranin-A		Test Code: CHMGA
CPT:	86316
Methodology:	Immunoassay (IA)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 1 time per week
Report Available:	7-10 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge specimen, transfer serum/plasma to plastic aliquot tube and freeze
Reference Range:
<36.5 ng/mL
Clinical Utility:
To aid in the diagnosis of secondary hypertension associated with pheochromocytoma.Serum concentration of Chromogranin-A is elevated in patients with pheochromocytoma and other endocrine neoplasms including parathyroid adenoma, thyroid medullary (C-cell) carcinoma, carcinoid tumor , small cell lung carcinoma, pancreatic neoplasms (islet cell tumors), and neuroblastoma.

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Chromosome Analysis, Amniotic Fluid		Test Code: CHRAM
Includes:	•Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP), Amniotic Fluid •Chromosomal Analysis and Interpretation •Acetylcholinesterase, Amniotic Fluid on positive AFP results
CPT:	82106,88235x2, 88267, 88280,88291, 82103 when reflexed
Alternate Name:	Amniotic Fluid, Chromosome Analysis
Methodology:	Tissue Culture
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday-Friday only, no holidays.
Report Available:	10-14 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	20 mL amniotic fluid, room temp
Container:	Cytogenetic amniotic fluid kit containing 2 amniotic fluid collection containers, collection instructions and a Cytogenetics Requisition Form.Kit can be requested by contacting our Referral Testing Department at 610-402-5864.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Collect Monday-Friday ONLY before 1400, no holidays. Specimens must arrive in the laboratory no later than 1600. •Store collection kit at room temperature. •Submit specimen with a completed Cytogenetics Requisition Form. •Form can be requested by contacting our Referral Testing Department at 610-402-5864.
Reference Range:
See report.
Clinical Utility:
Useful for the detection of in utero chromosomal abnormalities during the second trimester of pregnancy or later.

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Chromosome Analysis, Blood		Test Code: CHRPB
CPT:	88230 x 2, 88262, 88291
Alternate Name:	Chromosome Analysis, Peripheral Blood;Karyotype
Methodology:	Suspension Culture
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday-Friday only
Report Available:	8-12 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	•Pediatric...........................2-5 mL whole blood •Adult .............................5-10 mL whole blood
Container:	Green top (sodium heparin) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Collect Monday-Friday ONLY before 1400, no holidays. Specimens must arrive in the laboratory no later than 1600. •Store as whole blood in original tube at room temperature. •DO NOT centrifuge, aliquot, refrigerate or freeze. •Submit specimen with a completed Cytogenetics Requisition Form. •Form can be requested by contacting our Referral Testing Department at 610-402-5864.
Reference Range:
See report.
Clinical Utility:
Useful for general chromosomal studies on peripheral blood for a wide variety of congentital conditions.

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Chromosome Analysis, Chorionic Villi		Test Code: KVILI
CPT:	88235x2,88267,88280, 88291
Alternate Name:	Chromosome Analysis CVS
Methodology:	Tissue Culture
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday-Friday only
Report Available:	10-14 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	Tissue sample in RPMI Media
Container:	•Products of Conception Kit containing specimen container and Cytogenetics Requisition Form.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Collect Monday-Friday ONLY before 1400, no holidays. Specimens must arrive in the laboratory no later than 1600. • Store in original specimen container. • Refrigerate only. • Submit specimen with a completed Cytogenetics Requisition Form. Form can be requested by contacting our Referral Testing Department at 610-402-5864.
Reference Range:
See report.
Clinical Utility:
Prenatal diagnosis of chromosme abnormalities (trisomies, deletions, translocations, etc.) at about 9-12 weeks of gestiation.

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Chromosome Analysis CVS
See Chromosome Analysis, Chorionic Villi

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Chromosome Analysis, Hematological, Blood		Test Code: CGENP
Includes:	Interpretive report NOTE Although bone marrow aspirate is the method of choice, this method is useful if there is an elevated WBC count with myelocytes or other less mature cell forms present
CPT:	88237, 88262 and 88291
Methodology:	Tissue Culture
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday–Friday only
Report Available:	2-3 weeks
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	•Infants ........................3 mL whole blood •Adults ........................5-10 mL whole blood
Container:	Green top (sodium heparin) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Collect Monday-Friday ONLY before 1400, no holidays. Specimens must arrive in the laboratory no later than 1600. •Store as whole blood in original tube at room temperature. •DO NOT centrifuge, aliquot, refrigerate or freeze. •Submit specimen with a completed •Hematopathology Requisition Form and include clinical data, diagnosis, and specimen type. •Form can be requested by contacting our Customer Care Department at 610-402-8170.
Reference Range:
See report.
Clinical Utility:
Cancer cytogenetic studies can identify numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities that are diagnostic and/or prognostic for some types of leukemia or lymphoma. Chromosome analysis is also used for staging lymphoma, monitoring treatment and predicting relapse.

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Chromosome Analysis, Hematological, Bone Marrow		Test Code: CGENB
CPT:	88237, 88264, 88291 ,88280 x3
Alternate Name:	Philadelphia Chromosome
Methodology:	Tissue Culture
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday–Friday only
Report Available:	2-3 weeks
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	0.5-1 mL bone marrow
Container:	Green top (sodium heparin) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Collect Monday-Friday ONLY before 1400, no holidays. Specimens must arrive in the laboratory no later than 1600. •Store as whole blood in original tube at room temperature. •DO NOT centrifuge, aliquot, refrigerate or freeze. •Submit specimen with a completed •Hematopathology Requisition Form and include clinical data, diagnosis, and specimen type. •Form can be requested by contacting our Customer Care Department at 610-402-8170.
Reference Range:
See report.
Clinical Utility:
Cancer cytogenetic studies can identify numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities that are diagnostic and/or prognostic for some types of leukemia or lymphoma. Chromosome analysis is also used for staging lymphoma, monitoring treatment and predicting relapse

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Chromosome Analysis, High Resolution		Test Code: CHRHR
CPT:	88230x2,88262,88289,88291
Methodology:	Suspension Culture
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	10-14 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	•Pediatric 2-5 mL heparinized whole blood •Adult 10 mL whole blood
Container:	Green top (sodium heparin) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Collect Monday-Friday ONLY before 1400, no holidays. Specimens must arrive in the laboratory no later than 1600. •Store as whole blood in original tube at room temperature. •DO NOT centrifuge, aliquot, refrigerate or freeze. •Submit specimen with a completed Cytogenetics Requisition Form. •Form can be requested by contacting our Referral Testing Department at 610-402-5864.
Reference Range:
See report.
Clinical Utility:
Useful for general chromosomal studies on peripheral blood for a wide variety of congenital conditions.

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Chromosome Analysis, Peripheral Blood
See Chromosome Analysis, Blood

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Chromosome Analysis, Products of Conception		Test Code: POC
CPT:	88233 x 2,88262,88291
Methodology:	Tissue Culture
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday-Friday only
Report Available:	10-21 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	Tissue sample in RPMI Media
Container:	•Products of Conception Kit containing specimen container and Cytogenetics Requisition Form. •Kit can be requested by contacting our Referral Testing Department at 610-402-5864.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Store in original specimen container. •Refrigerate only. •Submit specimen with a completed Cytogenetics Request Form. • Form can be requested by contacting our Referral Testing Department at 610-402-5864.
Reference Range:
See report.

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Chromosome Analysis, Tissue, Lymphoma		Test Code: CGENT
CPT:	88239, 88262, 88291, 88280 x3
Methodology:	Tissue Culture
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday–Friday only
Report Available:	2-6 weeks
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	20 mg lymphoma tissue
Container:	RPMI transport media
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Collect Monday-Friday ONLY before 1400, no holidays. Specimens must arrive in the laboratory no later than 1600. •Refrigerate only •Submit specimen with a completed Hematopathology Requisition Form and include clinical data, diagnosis, and specimen type. •Form and RPMI Media can be requested by contacting our Customer Care Department at 610-402-8170.
Reference Range:
See report.
Clinical Utility:
Cancer cytogenetic studies can identify numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities that are diagnostic and/or prognostic for some types of leukemia or lymphoma. Chromosome analysis is also used for staging lymphoma, monitoring treatment and predicting relapse

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Chronic Granulomatous Disease Evaluation
See Neutrophil Oxidative Burst

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Citrate Excretion, 24-Hour Urine		Test Code: 24CIT
Includes:	•Volume Measurement •Collection Period •Citrate Excretion, Urine
CPT:	81050, 82507
Methodology:	Enzymatic
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 5 times per week
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	10 mL aliquot of a well mixed 24-Hour urine collection
Container:	24-Hour plastic urine container, no preservative
Collection:	•Instruct the patient to void at the beginning of the collection period and discard the specimen. •Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of the collection period. •Refrigerate during collection. •Container must be labeled with the patient’s name.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Instruct patient not to void directly into the container. •Transport to the laboratory promptly.
Reference Range:
See report.
Clinical Utility:
Useful for diagnosing risk factors for patients with kidney stones. Monitoring results of therapy in patients with calcium stones or renal tubular acidosis.

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CJD Protein 14-3-3
See Creuztfeld-Jakob Protein 14-3-3

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CK
See Creatine Phosphokinase, Total, Serum

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CK Electrophoresis
See Creatine Phosphokinase Electrophoresis

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CK Isoenzymes
See Creatine Phosphokinase Isoenzymes Profile

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CK, Serum
See Creatine Phosphokinase, Total, Serum

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CKIMB
See Creatine Phosphokinase

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Cl, Blood
See Chloride, Serum

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Clearance, Creatinine
See Creatinine Clearance, 24-Hour Urine

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Clinitest® for Sugar
See Reducing Substances, Semiquantitative, Urine

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Clonopin™
See Clonazepam Clostridial Toxin Assay See Clostridium difficile Toxin A/B

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C difficile toxin DNA		Test Code: CDDNA
Includes:	Toxin B gene (tcdB) detection
CPT:	87493
Alternate Name:	• Antibiotic-Associated Colitis Toxin Test • Clostridium difficile • Clostridial Toxin Assay • Pseudomembranous Colitis Toxin Assay • Toxin Assay B by DNA probe
Methodology:	DNA PCR assay
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	•5g soft or liquid stool OR proctoscopic specimen •Formed stools are NOT acceptable.
Container:	• Sterile container. • DO NOT submit specimen in ParaPak containers. • Swabs are not acceptable.
Collection:	• Refrigerated specimens ( 2-8 °C) can be stored up to 5 days before testing • Specimens can be kept at room temperature (15-25 °C) up to 48 hours before testing • Specimens should be kept between 2°C and 25°C during transport • Protect against freezing or exposure to excessive heat
Reference Range:
Presence of toxin is indicative of disease. It is important to consider any test results in conjunction with clinical symptoms because some healthy adults and a large number of healthy infants (up to 50%) will be positive for C. difficile toxin.
Clinical Utility:
Clostridium difficile is associated with antibiotic induced colitis. This assay detects the presence of the toxin B tcdB gene. The tcdB gene target is a good surrogate for detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile because it has been shown to correlate well with clinical disease.

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Clonazepam		Test Code: CLONA
Includes:	Identification and quantitation of clonazepam and 7-aminoclonazepam
CPT:	80154
Alternate Name:	Clonopin
Methodology:	LC/MS/MS
Testing Schedule:	Once per week
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL whole blood, serum or plasma Minimum Volume: 1 mL
Container:	Gray top, red top or lavender top (EDTA) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Refrigerate
Reference Range:
Clonazepam...................Therapeutic Range 10-75 ng/mL 7-Aminoclonazepam......Concentrations following chronic therapy with 6 mg/day of clonazepam: 20-140 ng/mL
Clinical Utility:
Identification and quantitation of clonazepam to monitor therapy or assess toxicity.

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CLO Test		Test Code: CLO
CPT:	87081
Alternate Name:	Helicobacter pylori Urease, Rapid Urease Test
Methodology:	Manual
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	2 days
Specimen Requirements:
Collection:	•Specimens are collected and directly inoculated by the physician into the CLOtest kit during endoscopy procedures. •Only fresh tissue specimens are acceptable. •Formalin specimens are not acceptable. Preparation •Patients should not have taken antibiotics, bismuth, proton pump inhibitors or sucralfate for at least three weeks prior to endoscopy. •Obtain CLOtest kits from Cedar Crest or Muhlenberg Rapid Response Labs. •Kits must be stored refrigerated (2°-8°C) until ready for use. •Gently warm slides by placing between hands or in pocket. •Inspect slide to ensure a full, yellow well. If color is not yellow, discard slide. •Do not use test kit beyond expiration date. Obtaining and inserting the Biopsy •A biopsy sample for CLOtest may be obtained as soon as the doctor has examined the stomach. The usual area to biopsy is the sump of the antrum, along the greater curve. •Biopsy area of normal looking tissue rather than an area affected by erosions or ulceration. H. pylori may be present in smaller numbers if the epithelium is eroded or the mucus layer is denuded.The standard biopsy forceps will provide a specimen of sufficient size (1-3 mm/ 0.04-0.12 inches diameter). •If the biopsy specimen appears to be very small, a second biopsy may be wanted – insert both specimens into the CLOtest. Be careful not to contaminate the second specimen with blood from the first biopsy site. CLOtest procedure NOTE CLOtest is a sealed plastic slide holding an agar gel, which contains urea, phenol red (a pH indicator), buffers and bacteriostatic agents •Turn CLOtest slide so that the label is facing up and you do not see the well with the yellow gel •Being careful to not remove the label, peel the label away from the plastic slide to expose the yellow gel. •Using a sterile needle, obtain the biopsy sample from the biopsy forceps and push into the yellow CLOtest gel making certain the sample is buried in the gel to enable the most contact with the gel. •Re-seal the CLOtest label to cover the gel. Indicate the name of the patient and the date and the time the biopsy sample was placed into the CLOtest gel on the label. •Transport immediately to the Rapid Response Lab along with the CLOtest Request Form
Reference Range:
Negative for urease after 24 hours. NOTE Results are reported to reflect the presence or absence of urease enzyme activity. Negative results are reported after 24 hours from collection. Positive results are reported as detected at specific time intervals from inoculation (i.e. upon receipt in the lab, at 1 hour, at 3 hours, at 24 hours).
Clinical Utility:
The CLOtest detects the presence of enzyme urease produced by Helicobacter pylori in a gastric biopsy. H. pylori is a helical shaped Gram-negative bacterium that infects the lining of the stomach and duodenum and can cause peptic ulcers, gastritis, and duodenitis.

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Clottable Fibrinogen
See Fibrinogen, Plasma

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Clozapine		Test Code: CLOZR
CPT:	80299
Alternate Name:	Clozaril®
Methodology:	Liquid Chromatography / Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 4 times per week
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL serum, OR 2mL plasma
Container:	Red top tube, no serum separator OR Lavendar top (EDTA) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge specimen, and transfer serum/plasma to plastic aliquot tube and refrigerate.
Reference Range:
Therapeutic......................... 100-700 ng/mL Toxic....................................>900 ng/mL
Clinical Utility:
Clozapine is an antipsychotic agent. Peak clozapine concentrations are reached I 1-6 hours following oral dosage. Elimination half-life is 4-16 hours once steady state levels have been reached.

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Clozaril®
See Clozapine CMV Antigenemia, Quantitative
See Cytomegalovirus DNA, Rapid PCR, Plasma

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CMV Antiviral Resistance		Test Code: CMVR
Includes:	Information on selected locations in tow genes involved in CMV resistance: UL97 and UL54. Mutations in the UL97 phosphotransferase gene have been implicated in ganciclovir resistance. Mutations in the UL54 DNA polymerase gene may confer ganciclovir, foscarnet, and cidofovir resistance.
CPT:	83891, 83894, 83898 (X4), 838904 (X8), 83912 (X2)
Alternate Name:	Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Antiviral resistance assay
Methodology:	Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) followed by gene sequencing
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily Monday- Saturday
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	4-5 mL EDTA whole blood (preferred) Alternate specimen: 4-5 mL EDTA plasma
Container:	2 Lavender top (EDTA) tube
Collection:	Specimen must be received by the lab within 96 hours.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Maintain and transport whole blood or plasma at ambient temperature.
Reference Range:
Accompanies Report.
Clinical Utility:
Useful for the rapid detection of antiviral-resistant strains of CMV in immunocompromisied patients. Immediate therapy modification may be necessary for proper patient management.

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CMV Culture
See Culture, Viral Cytomegalovirus, Rapid CMV DNA, PCR, Plasma
See Cytomegalovirus DNA, Rapid PCR, Plasma

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CMV IgG
See Cytomegalovirus IgG Antibody CMV Screen
See Cytomegalovirus IgG Antibody CMV IgG/IgM
See Cytomegalovirus Antibody Profile CMV IgM
See Cytomegalovirus IgM Antibody CMV, PCR, CSF See Cytomegalovirus, PCR,Cerebrospinal Fluid

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CMV Profile
See Cytomegalovirus Antibody Profile

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CN
See Cyanide, Blood

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CO2
See Carbon Dioxide, Total

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Cobalamin, True
See Vitamin B12, Serum

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Cocaine, Qualitative, Urine		Test Code: CCAN
Includes:	Screening for cocaine and metabolites
CPT:	80101
Alternate Name:	Benzoylecgonine; Coke; Crack
Methodology:	Immunoassay (IA)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	5 mL random urine
Container:	Plastic urine container
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
If for forensic or legal purposes, submit specimen with a completed Drug Testing Request and Chain of Custody (HNL-53) Form.
Reference Range:
None detected
Clinical Utility:
Useful for detection of drug abuse/use of cocaine. Confirmation of a positive screening result by GC/MS is strongly recommended.

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Cocaine, Quantitative, Blood, GC/MS		Test Code: BCOKE
Includes:	•Identification and quantitation of •Cocaine •Benzoylecgonine metabolite •Cocaethylene metabolite
CPT:	82520
Methodology:	Gas Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)
Testing Schedule:	Routine
Report Available:	5-10 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	3 mL whole blood
Container:	Gray top (sodium fluoride) tube or lavender top (EDTA)
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
If for forensic or legal purposes, submit with Chain of Custody
Reference Range:
None detected.
Clinical Utility:
Identication and quantitation of cocaine and its major metabolites in blood. This test is usually used for forensic purposes.

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Cocaine, Urine, GCMS,		Test Code: GCUC
Includes:	Identification and quantitation of the major cocaine metabolite benzoylecgonine by GCMS
CPT:	82520
Methodology:	Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS)
Testing Schedule:	3 times/week
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	5 mL random urine
Container:	Plastic urine container
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
If for forensic or legal purposes, submit specimen with a completed Drug Testing Request and Chain-of-Custody (HNL-53) Form or Blood Alcohol Toxicology Request/Chain-of-Custody (LAB-32) Form.
Reference Range:
None present
Clinical Utility:
Useful for the detection and positive identification of themajor cocaine metabolite benzoylecgonine in urine.

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Codeine, Total, Blood		Test Code: BTC
Includes:	Identification and Quantitation of Total Codeine (conjugated and unconjugated)
CPT:	83925
Methodology:	GC/MS
Testing Schedule:	Routine, once per week
Report Available:	1-2 weeks
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	e 2 mL whole blood
Container:	Gray Top (sodium fluoride) or Lavender Top (EDTA)
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
If for forensic or legal puropses, submit with a completed Chain of Custody
Reference Range:
Therapeutic Range ..............30-340 ng/ml
Clinical Utility:
Identification and quantitation of Total codeine (conjugated and unconjugated) in blood to determine or monitor use or assess toxicity.

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Coenzyme Q10		Test Code: COQ10
CPT:	82491
Methodology:	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 1 time per week
Report Available:	7-10 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	5 mL FROZEN serum
Container:	2 Gold top (serum separator) tubes
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and freeze. Once frozen, transport specimens submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
•0.5-1.8 mg/L
Clinical Utility:
Useful for monitoring oxidative stress levels.

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Cold Agglutinin		Test Code: COLD
Includes:	Titer of patient’s serum against type O blood cells at 1-6°C
CPT:	86157
Methodology:	Red Cell Agglutination
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	1-3 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL serum
Container:	Red top tube, no serum separator
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Non-hospitalized patients Submit specimen with a completed Blood Bank Requisition (LAB-04) Form. •Maintain specimen at room temperature.
Reference Range:
<1:64
Clinical Utility:
All healthy individuals contain some cold agglutin in their serum. In certain disease states (viral infections, atypical pneumonia), the titer rises.

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Collagen NTX-Telopeptide, Random Urine		Test Code: CNTXL
Includes:	•Collagen NTX-Telopeptide •Creatinine
CPT:	82523
Alternate Name:	Collagen Crosslinks, Osteomark, NTX-Telopeptide, N-telopeptide
Methodology:	Automated Competitive Assay
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	10 mL second morning urine
Container:	Plastic urine container
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
• Freeze specimen in plastic container • DO NOT use glass • Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
. Male Female >6 years 576-1763 576-1763 >= 6 years,<14 yrs 307-1367 307-1367 >= 14years,<18 yrs 102-1048 55-378 >= 18 years 21-66 19-63
Clinical Utility:
1..Useful for diagnosis of medical conditions associated with increased bone turnover. 2.. In the differential diagnosis of osteomalacia versus osteroporosis. 3.. Identifying individuals with osteoporosis with elevated bone turnover and consequent increased risk for rapid disease progression. 4.. Prediction of bone densitometry response to antiresprptive therapy of osteoporosis . 5.. Monitoring and assessing Paget’s disease, or other disorders treated with antiresorptive therapy. 6.. As an adjunct in monitoring response to other therapeutic intervention in diseases with increased bone turnover (rickets, osteromalacia, hyperthyroidism).

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Colo-Rect®
See Occult Blood, Stool

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Colo-Screen®
See Occult Blood, Stool

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Complement, C1q		Test Code: CC1Q
CPT:	86160
Alternate Name:	C1q Complement, Quantitative
Methodology:	Nephelometry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Refrigerate
Reference Range:
12-22 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Useful for Assessment of an undetectable total complement (CH50) level, diagnosing congential C1; deficiency and Diagnosing acquired deficiency of C1 inhibitor.

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Complement, C2, Antigenic		Test Code: C2CB
CPT:	86160
Alternate Name:	C2 Complement
Methodology:	Radial Immunodiffusion (RID)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2 times per week
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and freeze. Once frozen, transport specimen submergedin dry ice.
Reference Range:
1.6 - 3.5 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
The complement system is critical to inflammatory responses. C2 is a component of the classical pathway. Decreased concentrations are observed in patients with immune complex diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and immune complex-induced vasculitis.

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Complement C3		Test Code: C3
CPT:	86160
Alternate Name:	C3; C3 Complement; Human Complement
Methodology:	Rate Nephelometry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 3 times per week
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge, transfer equally into 2 plastic aliquot tubes and freeze. Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
75-140 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Useful in detecting individuals with inborn deficiency of this factor or those with immunologic disease in whom complement is consumed at an increased rate. These diseases include lupus erythematosus, chronic active hepatitis, certain chronic infections, poststreptococcal and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and others.

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Complement, C3 Proactivator		Test Code: CP3A
CPT:	83883
Alternate Name:	Properdin Factor B
Methodology:	Nephelometry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge specimen, transfer serum/plasma to plastifc aliquot tube and freeze
Reference Range:
23-67 mg/dl
Clinical Utility:
The deposition of properdin factor B (PFB) in body tissue, or a corresponding depression of the amount of PFB in serum, is evidence of the involvement of the alternative to the classical pathway of activation of complement (a group of plasma proteins which cause the destruction of cells which are foreign to the body). Measurement of PFB aids in the diagnosis of several kidney diseases e.g., chronic glomerulonephritis (inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney), lupus nephritis as well as several other skin diseases. Other diseases in which the alternate pathway of complement activation has been impkicated include rheumatoid arthritis, sickle cell anemia, and gram negative bacteremia.

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Complement C4		Test Code: C4
CPT:	86160
Alternate Name:	C4; Fourth Complement Component
Methodology:	Rate Nephelometry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 3 times per week
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge, transfer equally into 2 plastic aliquot tubes and freeze. Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
10-34 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Quantitation of C4 is used to detect individuals with inborn deficiency of the factor or those with immunological disease in whom hypercatabolism of complement causes reduced levels. These diseases include lupus erythematosus, serum sickness, certain glomerulonephritides, chronic active hepatitis, and others. Low C4 with high dsDNA autoantibodies confirms the diagnosis of SLE and may help monitor activity. For patients with C4 concentrations below 22 mg/dL, complement C4 allotyping can be used to evaluate the possibility of C4 null alleles as a cause of decreased serum C4. For patients with very low C4, low CH50 and relatively normal C3, a genetic deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor should be considered.

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Complement, C5		Test Code: C5C
CPT:	86160
Alternate Name:	C5 Complement, Antigen
Methodology:	Nephelometry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and freeze. Once frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
10.6-26.3 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Useful for diagnosis of C5 deficiency. Investigation of a patient with an avsent total complement (CH50) level.

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Complement, CH50		Test Code: CH50
CPT:	86162
Alternate Name:	CH50 Complement; Total Hemolytic Complement
Methodology:	Functional Hemolytic Assay
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 1 time per week
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Reference Range:
Deficient or decreased levels of serum complement activity of the classical pathway are associated with a number of diseases. A normal CH50 assay indicates that C1 through C9 are present and functional in the serum being tested. Although CH50 can be used to assess the integrity of the classical pathway, it must not be used as a sensitive test for in vivo complement fixation. In vitro degradation can also cause low CH50 activity.

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Complete Blood Count
See CBC, No Differential

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Complete Blood Count with Automated Differential
See CBC with Automated Differential

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Complete Blood Count with Manual Differential
See CBC with Manual Differential

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Complete Myotonic Dystrophy (MD) Evaluation
See Myotonic Dystrophy DNA

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Compound F
See Cortisol, Serum

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Compound S (11-Deoxycortisol)
See Deoxycorticosteroids

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Comprehensive Metabolic Panel		Test Code: CPMP
Includes:	•Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) •Albumin •Alkaline phosphatase •Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) •Calcium •Carbon dioxide (CO2) •Bilirubin, Total •Chloride •Creatinine •Glucose •Potassium •Protein, Total •Sodium •Urea nitrogen (BUN) •Anion Gap Calculation •Glomerular Filtration Rate Calculation (GFR)
CPT:	80053
Methodology:	See individual test listings
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
See individual test listings
Reference Range:
See individual test listings. Reference Ranges Recommendation. NOTE To maintain consistency in Bilirubin methodology, an infant who has had a Comprehensive, Metabolic Panel, Neontal or Bilirubin, Total Neonatal ordered and becomes >14 days old, should continue to have a Comprehensive Metabolic Panel, Neonatal ordered– DO NOT SWITCH TO THE COMPREHENSIVE METABOLIC PANEL.
Critical Values:
See individual test listings.
Clinical Utility:
Used as a general organ/system survey and to establish baseline values; may be used as an admission profile.

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Comprehensive Metabolic Panel, Neonatal (<15 days old)		Test Code: NCPMP
Includes:	•Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) •Albumin •Alkaline Phosphatase •Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) •Calcium •Carbon dioxide (CO2) •Bilirubin, Total Neonatal •Chloride •Creatinine •Glucose •Potassium •Protein, Total •Sodium •Urea nitrogen (BUN) •Anion Gap Calculation
CPT:	80053
Methodology:	See individual test listings
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube OR 3 full yellow or red BD Microtainer™ tubes
Reference Range:
NOTE To maintain consistency in Bilirubin methodology, an infant who has had a Comprehensive Metabolic Panel, Neonatal or Bilirubin, Total Neonatal ordered and becomes >14 days old, should continue to have Comprehensive Metabolic Panel, Neonatal ordered– DO NOT SWITCH TO THE COMPREHENSIVE METABOLIC PANEL.
Critical Values:
See individual test listings.
Clinical Utility:
Used as a general organ/system survey and to establish baseline values.

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Coombs, Indirect
See Type and Antibody Screen

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Coombs Test
See Direct Coombs Test

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Copper, Serum		Test Code: CU
CPT:	82525
Methodology:	Dynamic Reaction Cell Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometry (DRC-ICP-MS)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL serum
Container:	Royal Blue top trace metal tube, red label
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Centrifuge, pour serum into metal free, acid washed vial and freeze. •DO NOT insert a pipette into the serum to accomplish transfer. •DO NOT ream the specimen with a wooden stick. •Specimen will only be accepted in vials labeled with “metal free” labels.
Reference Range:
Age dependent reference ranges accompany report
Clinical Utility:
Useful for the diagnosis of Wilson’s disease, Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).

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Copper, Urine		Test Code: CUU
Includes:	•Volume Measurement •Collection Period •Copper, Urine
CPT:	81050, 82525
Methodology:	Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, Monday-Friday only
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	25 mL aliquot of a well mixed 24-Hour urine collection
Container:	24-Hour plastic urine container, no preservative
Collection:	•Instruct the patient to void at the beginning of the collection period and discard the specimen. •Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of the collection period. •Refrigerate during collection. •Container must be labeled with the patient’s name.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Instruct patient not to void directly into container. •Transport to the laboratory promptly.
Reference Range:
15-60 µg/specimen Specimens collected for other than a 24-Hour time period are reported in units of µg/L, for which reference values are not established.
Clinical Utility:
Useful for investigation of Wilson’s disease and obstructive liver disease.

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Cord Blood Gas
See Blood Gas, Arterial Cord Blood

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Cord Blood VBG
See Blood Gas, Venous Cord Blood

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Cordarone®
See Amiodarone

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Coronary Heart Disease Risk Index
See Lipid Panel

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Cortisol, Serum		Test Code: CORT
CPT:	82533
Alternate Name:	Compound F; Hydrocortisone
Methodology:	Direct Chemiluminescence
Testing Schedule:	Routine; STAT testing available 0600-2100
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Testing must be performed within 8 hours of collection. •If delay in transport, centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and refrigerate tube in the upright position. Specimen should remain capped until time of testing.
Reference Range:
•a.m. serum (7-9 a.m.) .............4.3-22.4 µg/dL •p.m. serum (3-5 p.m.) ............3.1-16.7 µg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of adrenocortical and pituitary disorders.

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Cortisol Stimulation		Test Code: STCOR
Includes:	•Cortisol, Baseline •Cortisol, 60 minutes post stimulation
CPT:	80400
Methodology:	Direct Chemiluminescence
Testing Schedule:	Routine; STAT testing available 0600-2100
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum per collection
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Testing must be performed within 8 hours of collection. •If delay in transport, centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and refrigerate tube in the upright position. •Specimen should remain capped until time of testing.
Reference Range:
Cortisol, Baseline •a.m. serum (7-9 a.m.)....................4.3-22.4 µg/dL •p.m. serum (3-5 p.m.) ...................3.1-16.7 µg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of adrenocortical and pituitary disorders

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Cortisol Suppression		Test Code: CORSU
Includes:	•Cortisol, Baseline •Cortisol, 60 minutes post suppression
CPT:	82533 (x2)
Methodology:	Direct Chemiluminescence
Testing Schedule:	Routine; STAT testing available 0600-2100
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum per collection
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Testing must be performed within 8 hours of collection. •If delay in transport, centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and refrigerate tube in the upright position. •Specimen should remain capped until time of testing.
Reference Range:
Cortisol, Baseline • a.m. serum (7-9 a.m.) .................4.3-22.4 µg/dL • p.m. serum (3-5 p.m.) .................3.1-16.7 µg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of adrenocortical and pituitary disorders.

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Cortisol Free, 24-Hour Urine		Test Code: UCORT
Includes:	•Volume Measurement •Collection Period •Cortisol, Free
CPT:	81050, 82530
Methodology:	Liquid Chromatography / Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	25mL aliquot of a well mixed 24-hour urine collection container
Container:	•24-Hour plastic urine container •Add 10 grams of boric acid at start of collection.
Collection:	•Instruct the patient to void at the beginning of the collection period and discard the specimen. •Collect all urine, including the final specimen voided at the end of collection period. •Refrigerate during collection. •Container must be labeled with the patient’s name.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Instruct patient not to void directly into container. •Transport to the laboratory promptly.
Reference Range:
0-2 years:...............not established 3-8 years:...............1.4-20 ug/24 hours 9-12 years:.............2.6-37 ug/24 hours 13-17 years:...........4.0-56 ug/24 hours > 18 years..............3.5-45 ug/24 hours
Clinical Utility:
Useful for screening for Cushing’s syndrome.

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Cotinine, Urine		Test Code: COTNU
CPT:	83887
Alternate Name:	Nicotine Metabolite
Methodology:	GC/MS Gas Chromatography/Mass Sspectroscopy
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2X/week
Report Available:	1-3 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	5 mL Random Urine
Container:	Plastic urine container
Reference Range:
Urine continine concentration greater than 200 ng/mL indicate active use of a nicotine containing product. Urine cotinine concentrration less than 200 ng/mL could be consistent with passive exposure to tobacco smoke.

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Cotinine, Serum		Test Code: COTNS
CPT:	83887
Alternate Name:	Nicotine Metabolite
Methodology:	GC/MS Gas Chromatography/Mass Sspectroscopy
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2X/week
Report Available:	1-3 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL Serum
Container:	Red top (no serum separator)
Reference Range:
Serum continine concentration greater than 25 ng/mL indicate active use of a nicotine containing product. Serum cotinine concentrration less than 25 ng/mL could be consistent with passive exposure to tobacco smoke.

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Coumadin®
See Warfarin

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Coxiella burnetii Titer
See Q Fever Antibody Profile

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Coxsackie A Antibody Profile		Test Code: COXAP
Includes:	Antibodies to each of the following Coxsackie A2, A4, A7, A9, A10 and A16
CPT:	86658 for each (x6)
Methodology:	Complement Fixation
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Refrigerate
Reference Range:
<1:8 Antibody NOT detected NOTE Compare acute and convalescent titers for greatest diagnostic value. A four fold or greater increase in titer between acute and convalescent specimens confirms the diagnosis of recent infection.
Clinical Utility:
Clinical interpretation of complement fixation requires comparison of an serum sample to a convalescent serum sample. The convalescent serum sample should be collected 2-3 weeks later.

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Coxsackie B Antibody Profile		Test Code: CXVB
Includes:	Antibodies to each of the following Coxsackie B1, B2, qa B3, B4, B5, and B6
CPT:	86658 for each (x6)
Methodology:	Complement Fixation
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	3-5 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Refrigerate
Reference Range:
< 1:8 No Antibody detected > 1:8 Antibody detected
Clinical Utility:
Compare acute and convalescent titers for greates diagnostic value. A four fold or greater increase in titer between acute and convalescent specimens confirms the diagnosis of recent infection.

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CPEP
See Protein Electrophoresis,Cerebrospinal Fluid

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C-Peptide		Test Code: CPEP
CPT:	84681
Methodology:	Chemiluminescent Immunoassay
Testing Schedule:	Routine, 2-3 times per week
Report Available:	5-7 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL frozen serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Collection:	Overnight fast preferred
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Freeze immediately. Centrifuge specimen, transfer serum to snap-cap tube and freeze. Once frozen must remain frozen until tested.
Reference Range:
1.1-5.0 ng/mL
Clinical Utility:
Evaluate residual beta cell function in patients with diabetes mellitus treated with insulin; investigate possible surreptitious injection of insulin. C-Peptide can be used in assessment of beta-cell activity in insulin-treated diabetes mellitus. Progressive exhaustion of beta-cell reserves, as monitored by C-peptide level, can be used to measure metabolic stability or “brittleness” of diabetes mellitus. In transient diabetes mellitus, the return of C-peptide concentrations to within the normal range provides evidence of remission.

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CPK
See Creatine Phosphokinase, Total, Serum

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CPK Electrophoresis
See Creatine Phosphokinase Isoenzymes

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CPK Isoenzymes
See Creatine Phosphokinase Isoenzyme Profile

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C-Reactive Protein		Test Code: CRP
CPT:	86140
Alternate Name:	CRP
Methodology:	End Point
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Reference Range:
<0.7 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
CRP is an acute reactant, which can be used as a general screening aid for inflammatory diseases, infections, and neoplastic diseases. In addition to its usual value as an acute phase reactant, CRP in large concentration (>5.0 mg/L) predicts progression of erosions in rheumatoid arthritis. Elevated serum CRP is characteristic of bacterial, but not viral, meningitis or meningoencephalitis. It may be useful in monitoring the clinical course of these illnesses. CRP concentrations characteristically return to normal after 7 days of appropriate treatment or bacterial meningitis if no complications develop. Serial monitoring of serum and CSF CRP concentrations may be useful clinically.

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C-Reactive Protein, High Sensitivity		Test Code: HSCRP
CPT:	86141
Alternate Name:	High Sensitivity CRP; HsCRP, Cardio CRP
Methodology:	Rate Nephelmetry
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	1-3 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Reference Range:
. Male Female <6 years 576-1763 576-1763 >6 years,<14 years 307-1367 307-1367 >14years,<18 years 102-1048 55-378 >18 years 21-66 19-63 *NOTE If the hsCRP value is >10 mg/L, it may reflect recent infection and/or an underlying inflammatory condition. To ensure accurate interpretation, results should be interpreted in light of the clinical presentation and if warranted, a repeat test should be performed in 2-4 weeks.
Clinical Utility:
Elevated concentrations of CRP are associated with risk of myocardial infarction in patients with stable and unstable angina and predict risk of first myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke in apparently healthy individuals. In populations at risk, elevated serum or plasma CRP increase the risk of ischemic stroke two-fold.

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Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes
See Creatine Phosphokinase Isoenzyme Profile

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Creatine Phosphokinase Isoenzymes		Test Code: CKEL
Includes:	•CK, Total •CK Isoenzymes •MM, MB, BB fractions
CPT:	82550, 82552
Alternate Name:	Electrophoresis Densitometry Photometric, Creatine Phosphate + ADP
Methodology:	Total Photometric Isoenzyme Electrophoresis Fluorescent
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	2-4 days
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	2 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Collection:	Fasting patient preferred.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
Centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and refrigerate or freeze. If frozen, transport specimen submerged in dry ice.
Reference Range:
•Total CK (>=18 years) Male........................52-336 U/L Female....................38-176 U/L •CK Isoenzymes BB.............................0% MB............................0% MM...........................100%
Clinical Utility:
Useful for detection of macro forms of CK. Also can be used to diagnose skeletal muscle disease in conjunction with aldolase.

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CK, Total and MB		Test Code: CKIMB
Includes:	•CK, Total •MCKMB (Mass CK-MB Fraction) •Relative Index
CPT:	82550, 82553
Alternate Name:	CK Isoenzyme; CKIMB; CKMB Isoenzymes; CPK Isoenzyme Creatine Kinase Isoenzyme; Mass CK-MB Fraction; MCKMB
Methodology:	Multipe-point Rate and Direct Chemiluminescence
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Collection:	Collect specimen at onset of symptoms to establish baseline values. NOTE CK-MB usually peaks 15-20 hours after the onset of a myocardial infarction.
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Transport to the laboratory immediately. •Testing must be performed within 4 hours of collection. •If delay in transport, centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and refrigerate for up to 48 hours.
Reference Range:
•CK, Total.................Refer to test code CK for listing •CK-MB (Healthy, non-hospitalized ).......<5.0 ng/mL •Relative Index...........................................<2.5% NOTE: Relative Index=[100X(mckmb/ck]
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of myocardial infarction.

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Creatine Phosphokinase, Total, Serum		Test Code: CK
CPT:	82550
Alternate Name:	CK; CK, Serum; CPK; Total CK; Creatine PhosphoKinase
Methodology:	HNL Rate LPP Bichromatic Rate
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL serum
Container:	Gold top (serum separator) tube
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
If delay in transport, centrifuge, transfer to plastic aliquot tube and refrigerate for up to 5 days.
Reference Range:
HNL Rate AGE FEMALE U/L MALE U/L < 4 years 30-305 30-305 >4 years 30-230 30-230 >7 years 30-365 30-365 >10 years 30-230 30-215 >12 years 30-295 30-330 >14 years 30-240 30-335 >16 years 30-230 30-370 >21 years 30-135 30-170 LPP Bichromatic Rate AGE FEMALE U/L MALE U/L < 4 years 60-305 60-305 >4 years 75-230 75-230 >7 years 60-365 60-365 >10 years 80-230 55-215 >12 years 50-295 60-330 >14 years 50-240 60-335 >16 years 45-230 55-370 >21 years 30-135 55-170
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of myocardial infarction,skeletal muscle damage and cardiac muscle damage.

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Creatinine, Body Fluid		Test Code: FCREA
CPT:	82570
Alternate Name:	Body Fluid Creatinine
Methodology:	HNL Rate
Testing Schedule:	Routine, STAT testing available
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	1 mL body fluid
Container:	Red top tube, no serum separator
Reference Range:
None established, must be interpreted with clinical findings.

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Creatinine Clearance, 24-Hour Urine		Test Code: CALCR
Includes:	•Volume Measurement •Collection Period •Creatinine, Urine •Creatinine, Serum •Total Creatinine Excretion •Creatinine Clearance •Glomerular Filtration Rate Calculation
CPT:	82575
Alternate Name:	Clearance, Creatinine; 24- Hour Urine Creatinine Clearance
Methodology:	Rate
Testing Schedule:	Routine, daily
Report Available:	1 day
Specimen Requirements:
Minimum Volume:	Entire 24-Hour urine collection AND 1 mL serum
Container:	24-Hour plastic urine container, no preservative AND gold top (serum separator) tube
Collection:	• The serum creatinine must be collected within 36 hours from the start of the collection period. 24-Hour urine collection See special instructions for “24-Hour Urine Collection”, listed under Specimen Collection, Preparation, and Handling Section
Special Instructions and/or Comments:
•Transport to the laboratory immediately. •Avoid cephalosporins. Have patient drink water before the clearance begins, and continue good hydration throughout the clearance test period. •If possible, drugs should be stopped prior to testing.
Reference Range:
•Creatinine, Serum (>14 years: ).......... 0.7-1.5 mg/dL •Creatinine, Urine:...............................50-200 mg/dL •Creatinine Excretion, Total: .............. 0.8-2.8 g/24 hours •Creatinine Clearance •Male.................97-137 mL/minute •Female.............88-128 mL/minute •Glomerular Filtration Rate........Refer to CREAT (Creatinine, Serum) •Renal Failure........................... <15 mL/min per 1.73 m2 •Pediatric Creatinine, Serum....See individual test listing
Critical Values:
Creatinine, Serum >5.0 mg/dL
Clinical Utility:
Used in the evaluation of renal function and renal disease.

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Creatinine, Serum		Test Code: CREAT
&